Clinical Presentation & Protocol
Patient Usually Complains Of
Patient presents with a history of prodromal measles symptoms (fever, cough, coryza, conjunctivitis) followed by the development of a maculopapular rash, now complicated by progressive dyspnea, tachypnea, and hypoxemia. Note duration of respiratory distress, presence of cyanosis, and history of immunocompromise or malnutrition.
Clinical Examination Findings
General: Ill-appearing, febrile, tachypneic, accessory muscle use. HEENT: Koplik spots may be absent in immunocompromised. Respiratory: Diffuse crackles, wheezing, or diminished breath sounds. Skin: Generalized maculopapular rash, potentially confluent. Cardiovascular: Tachycardia, signs of potential heart failure.
Treatment Protocol
Admit to isolation (airborne precautions). Supportive care: Supplemental oxygen to maintain SpO2 >92%, fluid management. Pharmacotherapy: Vitamin A supplementation (WHO protocol), ribavirin (if indicated for severe cases), broad-spectrum antibiotics if secondary bacterial pneumonia is suspected. Monitor for ARDS.