Clinical Presentation & Protocol
Patient Usually Complains Of
Patient presents with progressive exertional dyspnea (NYHA class II/III), orthopnea, and occasional palpitations. Reports symptoms of reduced exercise tolerance and fatigue. No history of syncope, hemoptysis, or thromboembolic events. Current medication adherence is noted.
Clinical Examination Findings
Cardiovascular exam reveals a low-pitched diastolic rumbling murmur at the apex, best heard in the left lateral decubitus position. Presence of an opening snap following S2. S1 is accentuated. No signs of right-sided heart failure (no JVD, no peripheral edema). Lungs are clear to auscultation.
Treatment Protocol
Management plan includes beta-blockers or rate-controlling agents for symptom relief. Initiation of anticoagulation therapy if atrial fibrillation is present. Regular echocardiographic surveillance every 1-2 years to monitor valve area and mean pressure gradient. Salt restriction and avoidance of strenuous physical activity.