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Family Medicine / General Practice

Giant Cell Arteritis (Temporal Arteritis)

ICD-10 Code
M31.5

Clinical Criteria for Giant Cell Arteritis (Temporal Arteritis).

Clinical Presentation & Protocol

Patient Usually Complains Of

Patient presents with new-onset localized temporal headache, scalp tenderness, and jaw claudication. Associated symptoms include constitutional malaise, low-grade fever, unintentional weight loss, and fatigue. Patient denies visual disturbances, diplopia, or transient monocular blindness (amaurosis fugax). No history of polymyalgia rheumatica symptoms.

Clinical Examination Findings

HEENT: Temporal arteries are prominent, indurated, and tender to palpation with diminished or absent pulses bilaterally. No scalp necrosis or skin ulceration. Ocular: Pupils equal, round, and reactive to light; no afferent pupillary defect. Funduscopic exam reveals no disc edema or pallor. Neurological: Cranial nerves II-XII intact; no focal motor or sensory deficits.

Treatment Protocol

Initiate high-dose systemic corticosteroids (Prednisone 1mg/kg/day) immediately to prevent irreversible vision loss. Order STAT ESR and CRP levels. Arrange for temporal artery biopsy within 72 hours. Initiate bone protection (calcium/vitamin D) and consider proton pump inhibitor for gastric prophylaxis. Monitor for steroid-related side effects.

Detailed clinical guide coming soon.