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Nephrology & Renal Medicine

Acute Interstitial Nephritis (AIN), Drug-Induced

ICD-10 Code
N14.1_5

Immune-mediated hypersensitivity reaction in the renal interstitium, most commonly triggered by medications (PPIs, NSAIDs, Penicillins, Cephalosporins). Clinically characterized by acute kidney injury, sterile pyuria, white blood cell casts, and occasionally peripheral eosinophilia and a maculopapular rash.

Clinical Presentation & Protocol

Patient Usually Complains Of

Patient presents with acute kidney injury (AKI) following recent initiation of [Medication Name]. Symptoms include [oliguria/polyuria], flank pain, and systemic manifestations including [fever/rash/arthralgia]. No history of recent hypotension, nephrotoxin exposure, or obstructive uropathy.

Clinical Examination Findings

Vitals: [Temp/BP/HR]. General: Patient appears [well/ill]-appearing. Skin: Presence of maculopapular rash on [location]. HEENT: No mucosal involvement. Lymphatics: No generalized lymphadenopathy.

Treatment Protocol

1. Immediate discontinuation of offending agent: [Medication Name]. 2. Supportive care with IV fluid resuscitation if volume depleted. 3. Consider short-course systemic corticosteroids (e.g., Prednisone 0.5-1 mg/kg/day) if renal function does not improve upon drug withdrawal. 4. Monitor serial serum creatinine and urine output.

Detailed clinical guide coming soon.